The Burkholderia Cenocepacia OmpA-Like Protein BCAL2958: Identification, Characterization, and Detection of Anti-BCAL2958 Antibodies in Serum from B. Cepacia Complex-Infected Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Respiratory infections by bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality among cystic fibrosis patients, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In the present work we have studied the B. cenocepacia protein BCAL2958, a member of the OmpA-like family of proteins, demonstrated as highly immunogenic in other pathogens and capable of eliciting strong host immune responses. The encoding gene was cloned and the protein, produced as a 6× His-tagged derivative, was used to produce polyclonal antibodies. Bioinformatics analyses led to the identification of sequences encoding proteins with a similarity higher than 96 % to BCAL2958 in all the publicly available Bcc genomes. Furthermore, using the antibody it was experimentally demonstrated that this protein is produced by all the 12 analyzed strains from 7 Bcc species. In addition, results are also presented showing the presence of anti-BCAL2958 antibodies in sera from cystic fibrosis patients with a clinical record of respiratory infection by Bcc, and the ability of the purified protein to in vitro stimulate neutrophils. The widespread production of the protein by Bcc members, together with its ability to stimulate the immune system and the detection of circulating antibodies in patients with a documented record of Bcc infection strongly suggest that the protein is a potential candidate for usage in preventive therapies of infections by Bcc.

Planear a Alta do Doente Neurocirúrgico em Situação Crónica: o Retrato de uma Realidade

Cuidar de um doente crónico do foro neurocirúrgico é uma arte que requer da parte do enfermeiro o desenvolvimento de competências específicas, dado que é um processo longo e complexo. Esta complexidade, está relacionada não só com a dependência que o doente apresenta, mas também com a forte carga emocional que se reflecte na família/prestador de cuidados. A elaboração de um procedimento orientador de preparação para a alta emergiu como uma necessidade sentida pela equipa de enfermagem. Este procedimento sugere as etapas do ensino a efectuar, permitindo sinalizar o caminho percorrido, inventariar as actividades mais difíceis para o cuidador informal e ser ainda um instrumento de continuidade, para a equipa hospitalar e de comunidade. Esperamos que o desenvolvimento de competências na família, possa diminuir a ansiedade e o stress promovendo estratégias de coping no cuidado ao doente em estado vegetativo.